Georg wiliielm von siemens and august wiliielm hugo rottii



No. 6I6,979.

I I muted Jan. 3, I899. G. W. VON SIEMENS &. A. W. H. BDTTH.

' MEANS FOR CUCLING-DYNAIO ELECTRIC MACHINES.

[Applicnflcm Mod Oct. 92, 1898.)

(No Model.)

mum

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORG \VILIIELM "ON SIEMENS AND AUGUST XVILIIELM HUGO ROTTII, OF BERLIN, GERMAN Y ASSIGNORS TO THE SIEMENS & IIALSKE ELECTRIC COMPANY or AMERXCA, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

MEANS FoR coouNe 'oYNAMo-E iaoTmo MACHlNES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 616,979, dated January 3, 1899.

' Application filed omit! 22,1898. Serial No. 694,280. on model.)

'10 -Onr invention relates to improvements in means for cooling dynamo-electric machines, and has for its object the associationof parts .in such a, machine whereby air is effectively directed against the heated surfaces of the d'ynanio when in operation for the purpose of reducing the temperature thereof. We have made careful investigations along this line and find that in many types of dynamo-- electric machines wherein ventilation has previously been employed comparatively poor results have been attained even when securing the movement of large quantities of air through the ventilating-openings of the achines. lxperiment has demonstrated that 2 5 greater efliciency is secured by the movement of aeomparatively small quantity of air past the heated parts, if properly directed against the same, than is attained byordinary methods when very large quantities of air rush 0 through the openings in the dynamo-electric machine. It is'highly desirable that each of two requirements be met in order to secure the best'resu'lts. First, the air must be conducted directly against the heated. surfaces of the machine which are to be cooled, and

arrangements preferably are provided whereby a comparatively large surface of metal may be exposed to the currents of air, and, secondly, the air-currents should be forced 0 with great rapidity past the surfaces to be cooled, and by imparting to currentsa whirling motion a very much greater amount of heat is taken up thereby, in view of the limited surfaces of the parts exposed, than is 5 otherwise attainable. Our invention is-directed toward the end of providinga construction adapted to secure these results, wherein comparatively narrow air-channels are provided which /limit the How of air to a relativelysmallcolunin, combined with mea iisvfor 5o securing a high velocity of the air movedlpastas great an area as possible of heatradiating surface in the field-magnets and armaturd'of a-dynan1o. \Ve may briefly describe the'dy-. name-electric machine, in connection with which we will set forth our invention more fully as containing a suction-fan mounted upon the shaft of the armature and rotating within a partially-closed chamber, which is adapted to draw air from the opposite side of said machine through comparatively narrow air-passages, which are constructed in whole or in part to secure a rotary movement of the air. Corrugated sheet metal is employed to increase the radiating-surface, if desi red, and a diaphragm provided except at the central opening prevents the dispersion of air-currents flowing through the machine.

The construction will be more readily coniprehended by reference to the aecompanyin g drawings, wherein Figure l is a side View of said iynan1o-oIec-= trio machine, partially broken away and in section. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view on line 2 2 of Fig. 1. tional view on line 3 3 of Fig. 1.

The same letter of reference is used to designate like parts in each of the figures of the drawings.

The machine to which we have shown our invention applied is a four-pole dynamo-electric machine having its right side developed to form a suction air-fan which is adapted to move the air rapidly through the dynamo from side to side in air-passages especially provided therefor.

' The circular frame a carries the fourpoles b of the dynamo, the armature c being rotatably mounted upon the shaft 0', rotating within laterallyextending arms a'of the 0 frame. Upon the right side of the machine (see Fig. 2) are mcpnted the blades (1' of the suctionfan (Z, which rotate in a partiallycloscd chambcrd This chamber is formed by the outer diaphragm e, which is secured to the frame of the machine, and the inner diaphragmf, wherein is provided a circular openingf' ap'proxim atcl y the size of the armature.

Fig. 3 is an oblique sec- 75 contact with said part-s,'and the rotary or of the metallic spirals It;

Upon the right-hand side of the frame are provided the peripheral openings e, which serve as discharge-outlets for the air. The field -windings are provided with inelosing sheet-metal casings g, which extend from side to side upon the adjacent faces of the same andconform to the armature-opening of the machine. Between s'aid field-windings and the casings are provided corrugated sheetmetal strips 9', which engage said windings and increase th'eheatradiating surface thereof. The commutator of the machine and the armature are provided with lateral openings 71 k, through which the air readily passes from side to side. In the openings It, provided through the laminated core of the armature; are disposed the spiral metal strips k, which impart to the-air'flowing'through said openings a rotary motion and direct the same intimately upon the exposed surfaces of the armature=core. Y I

In Figs. 2 and 3' we have illustrated by means of arrows the flow of air-currents, which re forced through the machine with great "rapidity from side to side when the dynamo is in operation. It willbe seen that all parts of the machine that are liable tobecomeheated have direetedagain'st them in the'most eflicient manner quantities of airproportion-g ate to the velocity with which the armature rotates, and the field-magnets and the armature will accordingly be maintained compara-. tively cool by sm'allquantities of air, which. follow the conformation of these parts; The

radiating-surfaces of any of the parts may be greatly increased, as indicated, by the use of thin sheets of corrugated metal disposed in whirling movement which it is desirable to impart to the air is readily secured by the use By employing the casings g, which conform to the exteriors of the fields and armature, narrow air-passages are provided which force the'air into intimate contact with the respective parts, and, in connection with the diaphragm f, the movement not su lfieiently cool to secure the best-resu1ts,

and we have frequently found it desirable to take air for ventilating pmposes from the exterior or a cooliug-cluuuber ll] order to securethe necessary radiation of the heat from the dynamo. It is obvious that the air may either be forcedor drawn through the machine, and the fund may; if desired, be confs tructed to drive the air through the mzu-hine in the manner described instead of operating upon the principle of suction, as is set forth above. Highly-satisfactory results may be obtained by connecting the ventilating-chamber d with the chimney of the power-station, and iii-some instances suiiicient draft may thus be obtained to secure the-entire flow of air-necessary for the purposes of cooling the dynamos. j

,It is obvious that numerous changes in the construction herein shownanddescribedmay be made without departing fromthe spirit of r our invention, and we do not desire to be understood as limiting thesame to the precise form of apparatus, or application of the principles herein disclosed. We claim,-therefore, and desire to secure by Letters Patent '1. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination'with casings g conforming approxim atel y to the profileof the field-magnet .wind

ings and armature but separated therefrom,

whereby narrow air-passages are provided in :said machine, of means'for effecting the rapid flow of air currents 'through said passages,- snbstantial-l'yas described.

2. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with the casings g conforming approximately to the exterior surfaces of the inn closed parts but separated'therefrom, whereby lateral air-passages are provided in said machine, of means "for'efiecting therapid flow of air-currents laterally through said air-passages, whereby said surfaces of the machine 7 are cooled, substantially as described.

3. In a dynamo electric machine, thejcombination with the casingsg conforming approximately to the exterior surfaces of the inclosed parts butseparated therefrom,whereby lateral air-passages are provided in said machine, of a fan ass ciated with said machine adapted to effect tlferapid flow of air-currents laterally thronghsaid air-passages, whereby the said surfaces of the machine are cooled,

substantially as described. Y

4. In a dyn mo-electric machine, the. combination with the windings thereof, of corrugated sheet metal disposed in contact with said windings, whereby the radiating-surface thereof is augmented, substantially as described. l v

5.. The combinationgin -a dynamoelectrio m achine, with the ventilating-passages thereof, of corrugated sheet metal disposed in said ventilating 'passages"in con'tact'with the sure faces ofthe machine, whereby the radiatingsurfaces of the parts are augmented, substam' tiallyas described. e ,6. Ina dynamo-electric machine, the combination with the ventilating-passages there- 'of, of spirals 7c disposed'therein and adapted to impart to the currents of air flowing through said passages a rotary movement, substantially as described. I

'17. The combination, in a dynamoelectric machine, with air-passages It provided in the armature thereof, of means associatcm t here v r5 engagement, with said parts and adapted with'for securing the rotary movement of, the air flowing in said passages, substantially as described. I

, '8. The, combination with.a dynamo-sled 5 trio machine,- of casings g conforming 'genorally to the exteriors of the part .or parts likely to beyheated, air-passages provided between the seidv'part or parts and the cas ings g, andmeansior socuringthe rapid flowro of air through saidepassages, substantially flow-oi} sir through of sai'dKinzichine, of the diaphragm f, the casings vvconforming approximately to the exterio of thefieid-windings and armature operfi'ngs substantially as described. lfir-l-n a dynamoelsetr-ie -machine,-;theeoinbiniition' with the casings g conforming .ap-

I :18 described. n i proximately to the exteriors of the field-wind 9; In a dynamo-electric machine, the comings' and armature, .of corrugated sheets 9' bination'with the parts thereof likely to be disposed throughout a portion of the ventiheated, of, corr-ugated sheets 9 disposed. in l sting-passages provided thereabout, ventithe armature, spirals k' disposed therein, diaphragm f, and

flow of air through the ventilating-openings in the dynamo, substantially as described. In witness whereof ,we hereunto subscribe increase the host-radiating surfaces thereof,

. :srlbetentially as described. j; ,10. The combination with a dynamo-e1" y tric machine, eta. fan d adapted tosec e trough the ventilating-pits:

sag'es thereof, and a. diaphragm fadapted to; our names this 14th day of September, A.

close the leteral openings of said dynamo D, 1898.

electric machine but permitting the flow of GEORG WILHELM VON SIEMENS.

airthrough the ventilating-passages,- 0i. said I AUGUST WILIIELM HUGO ROT'llI.- 25' machine, substantially as described. I \Vitncsses:

, 11. The combination in a dynamo-electric C. II. DAY,

'm'schine, with a tan d adapted to secure the HENRY .I-IAJSPER.

the ventilating-passages 1ting-openings k provided 'in the core of means for effecting the Q.i A 665 muohinemnd providing ventilatingv. pess'algesfaround the same; and ventilating-r 70, disposed in the armature-core, 

